ABSTRACT
Background: The role of Emotional Intelligence [EI] in glycemic control in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [DM] has not been fully understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of self-care education on EI and hemoglobin glycosylated [HbA1c] in patients with type 2 diabetes
Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 48 patients with type 2 DM referred to Shahid Motahari Diabetes Center in 2015 were divided into an intervention and a control group using block randomization. The study data were collected using Bar-On questionnaire and blood testing immediately and two months after the intervention. The educational content was presented to the intervention group through 1-1:30-hour sessions held once a week for 8 continuous weeks. The control group, however, only received the clinic's routine cares
Results: The results showed a significant difference in the mean level of HbA1c in the intervention group before and two months after the intervention [P=0.003]. However, this difference was not significant in the control group. Moreover, the mean of EI was higher in the intervention group compared to the control group [P=0.08]
Conclusion: Self-care education improved the HbA1c level and EI among the patients with type 2 DM. Therefore, it is recommended that health care providers, specially nurses, should train the diabetic patients for self-care, which can lead to better glycemic control
ABSTRACT
Background: Cirrhosis is a chronic and progressive disease that causes various complications for patients due to disturbance of the liver's usual function. Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in one's ability to perform the necessary behaviors to achieve one's goals. Self-management is also an important criterion for long-term change in behavior. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of self-management training on self-efficacy of patients suffering from liver cirrhosis
Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 74 patients with liver cirrhosis randomly assigned to an intervention [receiving self-management training] and a control group [routine care] from 2012 to 2013. The data were collected in the transplantation center affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Self-management training was performed in six 90-minute sessions twice a week. Besides, the intervention group was followed up for a month via telephone. Levo self efficacy questionnaire was filled out by the patients before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS statistical software [v. 16] and analyzed using independent t-test, Chi-square test, and repeated measures ANOVA
Result: At the beginning of the study, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups regarding self-efficacy [P=0.18]. However, the total score of the questionnaire and those of all its dimensions significantly improved in the intervention group immediately and one month after training self-management skills [P<0.001]. The mean score of self-efficacy was 102.24 +/- 7.79 and 76.78 +/- 9.49 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. On the other hand, no statistically significant difference was observed in the control group's self-efficacy immediately and one month after the intervention [P=0.6]
Conclusion: The results showed that the self-management program resulted in improvement of self efficacy in the patients with liver cirrhosis. Therefore, this supportive strategy could be useful in patients with chronic illnesses for improvement of care and prevention of complications
ABSTRACT
Background: Aggression is a kind of behavior that causes damage or harm to others. The prevalence of aggression is 8-20% in 3-6 years old children. The present study aimed to assess the effect of training kindergarten teachers regarding reinforcement behavior therapy on preschoolers' aggression
Methods: In this cluster randomized control trial, 14 out of 35 kindergarten and preschool centers of Mohr city, Iran, were chosen using random cluster sampling and then randomly assigned to an intervention and a control group. All 370 kindergarten and preschool children in 14 kindergarten were assessed by preschoolers' aggression questionnaire and 60 children who obtained a minimum aggression score of 117.48 for girls and 125.77 for boys were randomly selected. The teachers in the intervention group participated in 4 educational sessions on behavior therapy and then practiced this technique under the supervision of the researcher for two months. Preschoolers' aggression questionnaire was computed in both intervention and control groups before and after a two-month period
Results: The results demonstrated a significant statistical difference in the total aggression score [P=0.01], verbal [P=0.02] and physical [P=0.01] aggression subscales scores in the intervention group in comparison to the control group after the intervention. But the scores of relational aggression [P=0.09] and impulsive anger [P=0.08] subscales were not statistically different in the intervention group compared to the controls
Conclusion: This study highlighted the importance of teaching reinforcement behavior therapy by kindergarten teachers in decreasing verbal and physical aggression in preschoolers
ABSTRACT
Background: Parents of children with cancer experience high levels of stress and discomfort. Religious beliefs are important sources of comfort and support for many cancer patients and their families. The present study aimed to assess the effect of educational-spiritual intervention on burnout of the parents of the children with cancer
Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 135 parents of children with cancer were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. Data were collected through SMBQ [Shirom and Melamed Burnout Questionnaire] from both groups, before, immediately after and one month after the intervention. Educational-spiritual programs were held for six weeks, one session every week. The data were analyzed by SPSS using independent t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA
Results: The results showed that the mean burnout score before the intervention in the intervention group was 4.28+/-0.61 and in the control group it was 4.23+/-0.50; most of the parents reported moderate to high burnout. But, there was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups immediately after and one month after the intervention [t=10.16, P<0.0001]. The mean burnout score in the intervention group was less than the control group. Results also showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of parental burnout in three times of measurements [F=58.62, P<0.0001]
Conclusion: This study indicated that educational-spiritual intervention was effective on reduction of the burnout of the parents of the children with cancer. Due to high burnout of most of the parents, offering such a program could be beneficial for them. More studies in this regard are recommended
ABSTRACT
Background: Approximately 12.3 percent of women will be diagnosed with breast cancer at some point during their lifetime. Breast cancer is accompanied by alternation in body image and worries about sexual attractiveness. Thus, sexual life of breast cancer survivor's needs special attention. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of breast cancer on women's sexual function
Methods: In this case-control study, 30 women who referred to surgical departments of breast cancer and 30 healthy women in Shiraz, Iran were selected through purposive sampling. These women underwent treatment during two months. The study data were gathered using a demographic questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire based on DSM-IV Diagnostic Criteria which evaluated the women's sexual dysfunctions. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS statistical software [version 16] and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests
Results: Two groups were matched according to age, education level, occupation, number of treatments for breast cancer, types of treatment and menopausal age. The results indicated that sexual desire disorder, sexual arousal disorder, and orgasmic disorder were more prevalent in the case group compared to the control group [P<0.05]. In contrast, sexual pain disorder and aversion disorder were similar in the two groups. Moreover, a significant difference was found between the two groups concerning the sex-related imagination and fantasizing [P=0.007], lubrication, orgasm, and remaining aroused [P<0.05]. The study results revealed no significant relationship between type of surgery and sexual dysfunction. Whereas, a significant relationship was observed between years after treatment and sexual dysfunction
Conclusion: Our findings showed that breast cancer adversely affects women's sexual function. It is highly recommended to pay attention to the sexual aspect of the women with breast cancer using couple therapy
ABSTRACT
Advances in treatment and critical care have largely improved the survival following burns; therefore, the importance of quality of life in burn patients is an issue beyond question. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Orem self-care program on Quality of Life of burn patients. A randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 110 eligible burn patients who were selected using easy sampling method and allocated randomly into two groups of experiment and control. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire, containing demographic and burn information and burn-specific health scale-brief [BSHS-B] questionnaire. For the experiment group, 5 sessions of theoretical training and 75-90 minutes of practical training were accomplished. The quality of life of the patients with burns was assessed in three phases by the BSHS-B questionnaire. The data were analyzed in SPSS-17 using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Independent t-test and repeated measurement multivariate test. After one month and two months of the use of self-care model, the quality of life of the cases improved from 73.33% to 83.78% and 98.12%, respectively [P<0.001]. But the changes in the quality of life of the patients in the control group were not statistically significant [P>0.05]. Based on the obtained results of this study, designing and implementing a self-care program based on Orem's model and the needs of burn patients will improve their quality of life. Therefore, it is recommended that this program should be considered as a part of treatment program for these patients.